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America’s Immigration Policy Is Changing — And the Economic Impact Could Be Huge

The Trump administration’s immigration enforcement escalation of 2025 — including mass deportation operations, H-1B processing freezes, and border closures — constitutes the most disruptive shift in U.S. immigration policy since the Immigration Act of 1990. The Peterson Institute estimates the deportation of 8–11 million undocumented workers could reduce U.S. GDP by 2.6–6.8% over the medium [...]

Britain’s Productivity Crisis: Why the UK Economy Is Struggling to Grow

UK output per hour worked grew at an average of just 0.5% per year between 2010 and 2024 — less than a quarter of the 2.1% pre-2008 trend. The cumulative gap between UK productivity and its pre-crisis trajectory now stands at approximately 20 percentage points. Business investment remains 3.6pp below the OECD average as a [...]

Britain’s Fiscal Challenges: Balancing Growth and Public Spending

UK public sector net debt reached 98.8% of GDP in January 2025 — the highest sustained level since the early 1960s. Annual debt interest payments have surged to £105.4 billion in 2023–24, consuming 7.5% of total government revenue. The OBR projects that without corrective action, net debt will reach 274% of GDP by 2073. The [...]

Inside Britain’s Housing Crisis: Causes, Consequences, and Policy Solutions

England has built fewer than 250,000 net new homes a year for the past decade — against an acknowledged need of 300,000. House prices now stand at 8.3 times median earnings, compared to 4.1 in 2000. Homeownership among 25–34 year-olds has halved since 2003, from 55% to 28%. The private rental sector has doubled to [...]

Labour Shortages in the UK Economy: Causes and Long-Term Implications

For much of the post-war era, the United Kingdom was regarded as one of Europe’s most flexible and dynamic labour markets. Today, that reputation is under strain. Vacancy rates have reached historic highs, sectoral shortfalls are widening, and the pressures driving these disruptions—demographic ageing, post-Brexit migration restrictions, and a scarred post-pandemic workforce—show no sign of [...]

Britain After Brexit: How the UK Economy Has Changed

The Office for Budget Responsibility estimates Brexit will reduce long-run UK productivity by 4% relative to remaining in the EU — equivalent to roughly £40 billion in additional tax revenue forgone since 2019. Goods exports to the EU sit 18% below their 2019 level in real terms. Around 440 financial services firms have relocated activity [...]